This is most often performed through a minimally invasive laparoscopic approach unless technically not feasible. The surgical management of adrenal disease, whether benign or malignant, involves removing the abnormal gland. These comprise approximately 10-15% of “incidentalomas.” Malignant (i.e., cancerous) adrenal tumors do occur. Others will have no identifiable function at all. These are called “incidentalomas.” Some of these tumors will be found to produce an excess of hormones. Approximately 80% of adrenal tumors are identified during an abdominal X-ray being performed for an unrelated reason. The far majority of adrenal gland diseases are benign (i.e., not cancerous). Surgical adrenal gland disease is generally related to a growth on one of the glands. A small portion of the body’s male and female sex hormones (i.e., estrogen and androgens) are included as well. Adrenal-produced hormones include cortisol, aldosterone, and adrenaline (i.e., epinephrine and norepinephrine). These include blood pressure control, bodily hormone production and management, water regulation by the kidneys, blood sugar usage, and the “fight or flight” reaction during times of stress. Though small in size, the adrenal glands control a myriad of important bodily functions. These small, paired triangular shaped glands reside above each kidney. The adrenal gland is a member of the endocrine gland family.
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